Unit Examination

The basic types of tissue in the human body are a. Cell, organ, and organ system. B. Sight, smell, and hearing. C. Thyroid, trachea, adenoid, and bronchus. D. Muscle, nervous, connective, and epithelial. 2. Which system regulates and controls growth, development, and metabolism? A. Endocrine system b. Lymphatic system c. Integument system d. Skeletal system 3. Which of the following is the correct order from simplest to most complex for the levels of organization in the human body? A. Organ systems, tissues, organs, cells b. C. D. Cells, tissues, organs, organ systemsOrgan systems, organs, tissues, cells Cells, organs, organ systems, tissues 4. The brain, lungs, testes, and small intestine are each examples of a. A nerve. An organ. A tissue. An organ system. 5. Leers-Dandles syndrome Is a disease that affects the structure and support systems of the body. Which type of tissue does the disease target? A. Epithelial a. Connective Nerve Muscle 6. The Internal environment off house Is to thermostat as the human body Is to skin. Pancreas. Liver. Hypothalamus. Order in which they occur? 1) The liver removes glucose from the blood. 2) The body absorbs food molecules after eating. As the body uses glucose for energy, the liver releases stored glucose into the blood. 4) The levels of glucose in the blood rise. B. 4,132 8. An imbalance in blood glucose levels causes which of the following diseases? A. Cancer b. Parkinson disease c. Diabetes d. AIDS 9. Which organ maintains homeostasis by regulating the amount of sugar in the blood? A. Stomach b. Liver d. Heart 10. Which of the following statements is not true about the process of sweating? A. Sweating is more likely to occur on hot days than cool days. B. Sweating is likely to occur after strenuous exercise. C. Evaporation of sweat warms the body. Excessive sweating can lead to dehydration. 1 1 . Why do you sometimes shiver when you're cold? A. The lack of heat causes your skin to tighten and become stiff. B. It causes b lood to rush to the surface of your skin and release heat. C. Your muscles are shaking off excess water to release heat. D. Your muscles are contracting in order to release heat. 12. The energy available in food can be measured in a lab by a. Determining its mass. Burning the food to release heat. C. Analyzing its chemical structure. Calculating its volume. 13. A car is to gasoline as your body is to your stomach. Our kidneys. C. DOD. Enzymes. 14. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of the body by 10 Celsius. Raise the temperature of 1 g of fat by 10 Celsius. C. Raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 10 Celsius. Raise the temperature of 1 gallon of water by 10 Celsius. 15. An example of foods high in fiber is whole grain bread. Butter. . Eggs. Fish. 16. Starches are to simple sugars as proteins are to fatty acids. Double bonds. C. Amino acids. 17. What makes essential fatty acids and essential amino acids different from ones that aren't essential? A.E ssential nutrients are more important than others, so he body needs more of them. B. Nutrients that are essential cannot be made by the body, so they must be obtained from food. C. Brain cells need only the essential nutrients, so they are important for clear thinking. D. All essential nutrients are water-soluble, so they all must be replaced every day. 18. Which of the following foods are a good source of water-soluble vitamins? Eggs Dairy products . Vegetable oils Citrus fruits 19. A doctor tells his patient that his thyroid hormone levels are low. Which of these foods should the patient increase in his diet? A.Poultry and grains b. Seafood . Vegetables d. Bread and cereal 20. Which of the following foods is a major source of vitamin D? A. Yogurt, and cheese b. Leafy green vegetables c. Whole grains d. Fruit Milk, percent of Calories from fat, of which only 20 percent should be from unsaturated fats. B. 30 percent of Calories from unsaturated fat, in addition to 10 percent from sa turated fats. C. 50 percent of Calories from saturated fats. D. 30 percent of Calories from fat, of which only 7 percent should be from saturated fats and 1 percent from trans fats. 22. About how many collieries does the average teenager need per day? 100 to 200 b. 500t0600 c. 2200 to 2800 d. 10,000 23. When a doctor suggests following a diet low in saturated fats, which of these products is preferred when cooking? A. Oils with single bonds between their carbon atoms b. Oils with double bonds between their carbon atoms c. Animal fats, which are solid at room temperature d. Butter, which is solid at room temperature Figure 30-1 24. Look at Figure 30-1 . In which structure is water extracted from digested food? A. B 25. Which structure in Figure 30-1 uses muscle contractions to produce a churning motion that breaks up food? A.C ermines that regulate blood sugar levels b. Producing enzymes that break down carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids c. Producing bile Producing so dium bicarbonate, a base that neutralizes stomach acid 27. Where does the process of chemical digestion begin? Esophagi . Small intestine Mouth 28. Through which structure do wastes pass into the rectum? A. Large intestine Villous Duodenum 29. What â€Å"muscular tube† carries food between the pharynx and the stomach? Small intestine Epiglottis . Esophagi its description? A. Absorption; the physical and chemical breakdown of food into small molecules. B.Ingestion; the process of getting food into the opening of the digestive tract. C. Elimination; the movement of small molecules from the digestive tract into the blood. D. Digestion; undigested materials pass out of the body. 31. What enzyme found in saliva breaks chemical bonds in starches forming sugars? A. Amylase Chem.. Pepsin Hydrochloric acid 32. What does mechanical digestion in the stomach involve? Absorption of nutrients by villa Pepsin and bile . Smooth muscle contractions Bile and pancreatic fluid 33. After complex organic molecules have been absorbed in the small intestine, what materials are left behind? Protein and carbohydrates b. Water and cellulose c. Fats and starches d. Chem.. And bolus Figure 30-2 34. Look at Figure 30-2. Filtered blood leaves the kidney and returns to circulation through the a. Renal artery. B. Renal vein. C. Urinary bladder. D. Urethra. 35. Which structure in Figure 30-2 removes excess water, urea and metabolic waste from the blood? A. Kidney b. Renal vein c. Urinary bladder d. Router down nutrients. Remove wastes. C. Absorb nutrients. Prevent infection. 37. Which of the following is not part of a neoprene? Urethra Loop of Henley . Slumberous Bowman's capsule 38.In the kidneys, both useful substances and wastes are removed from the blood by a. Reapportion. Excretion. C. Dialysis. Filtration. 39. What role does skin play in the excretory system? Secretes excess water as sweat Protects against pathogens . Absorbs water through osmosis Facilitates gas exchange 40. The activity of the kidneys is controlled by hormones and by the a. Of nutrients. B. Volume of filtrate. C. Composition of the blood. D. Composition of the urine. Volume 41. Which structure in the kidneys' neoprene is mainly responsible for the filtration of the blood? A. Collecting duct b. Loop of Henley c.Slumberous . Bowman's capsule 42. What percentage of the filtrate's water that enters Bowman's capsule is reabsorbed into the blood? A. 100 percent b. 99 percent c. 50 percent d. Less than 25 percent treatments three times a week. What does the process of dialysis do? A. Urine to the urinary bladder b. Pumps blood throughout the body c. Filters waste from the blood d. Forces water into cells and tissues by osmosis Carries 44. A lab technician performs a urine analysis and notes the patient should be tested for diabetes. What was present in the urine sample? A. Low levels of protein b. Crystallized calcium deposits.